[SCIENCE] La diversité mène à l'anomie, le délitement sociétal puis la violence

The results suggest that social trust is negatively affected by ethnic diversity : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-9477.2012.00289.x
In longitudinal perspective, an increase in immigration is related to a decrease in social trust : https://academic.oup.com/sf/article-abstract/93/3/1211/2332107
Using the 2008 wave of the European Social Survey, we show that particularly those who favor that welfare benefits should in the first place target the neediest, place the highest restrictions on welfare provisions for immigrants : https://academic.oup.com/esr/article/32/1/54/2404332
This article provides strong evidence that the effect of community diversity is likely causal : https://academic.oup.com/esr/article/32/1/54/2404332
In Switzerland, social peace between diverse factions isn’t maintained by integrated coexistence, but rather by strong topographic and political borders that separate groups and allow them autonomy : https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0095660
Our analysis supports the hypothesis that violence between groups can be inhibited by both physical and political boundaries : https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4939-1705-1_12
Diversity hinders between-group cooperation at both the one-on-one and group levels : https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0190272515612403
Using data from US states, study finds a negative relationship between ethnic polarization and trust : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2010.00215.x
Diversity is associated with more White support for nationalist parties, except at the local level where large immigrant populations cut into vote totals for nationalist parties : https://academic.oup.com/sf/article-abstract/92/1/249/2235758?redirectedFrom=fulltext
In Australia, ethnic diversity lowers social cohesion and increases “hunkering”, providing support for Putnam’s thesis finding the same results in the US : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/juaf.12015
After controlling for a self-selection bias, study finds that ethnic diversity in English schools reduces trust in same-age people and does not make White British students more inclusive in their attitudes towards immigrants : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0049089X14001392
In Germany, residential diversity reduces natives’ trust in neighbors, while it also reduces immigrants’ trust but through a different pathway : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0049089X1400074X
Increasing social pluralism (diversity) is correlated with increased chance of collective violence : https://www.jstor.org/stable/425106?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
[E]thnic heterogeneity [diversity] explains 55% of the variation in the scale of ethnic conflicts, and the results of regression analysis disclose that the same relationship more or less applies to all 187 countries. … [E]thnic nepotism is the common cross-cultural background factor which supports the persistence of ethnic conflicts in the world as long as there are ethnically divided societies. : https://www.scirp.org/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1251240
Genetic Similarity Theory (GST) could help explain why diverse groups in close proximity increases ethnic conflict and ethnic nepotism : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886912005569
Genetic diversity has contributed significantly to frequency of ethnic civil conflict, intensity of social unrest, growth of unshared policy preferences, and economic inequality over the last half-century. : https://www.nber.org/papers/w21079
Using social science data and computer modeling, researchers found that policies that attempt to create neighborhoods that are both integrated and socially cohesive are “a lost cause” : https://msutoday.msu.edu/news/2013/study-asks-is-a-better-world-possible
The numbers and the genetic distance matter. Minority groups that get above a certain critical mass, and that are culturally distant from the majority culture, begin to self-segregate from the majority, moving society toward division and away from cooperation : https://heartiste.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/WP201530.pdf.pagespeed.ce.Cso3EBnVWR.pdf
Using data from Copenhagen school registers, researchers found that native Danes opt out of public schools when the immigrant population concentration hits 35% or more : https://heartiste.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/School-Choice-Universal-Vouchers-and-Native-Flight-from-Local-Schools.pdf.pagespeed.ce.KyowR6-Wr9.pdf
As diversity increases, politics becomes more tribalistic : https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/06/business/economy/racial-identity-and-its-hostilities-return-to-american-politics.html?_r=0
Greater classroom and neighborhood diversity is linked to stronger tendencies to choose same-ethnic rather than cross-ethnic friends : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jora.12248
A longitudinal test of the impact of diversity finds that it makes existing residents feel unhappier and more socially isolated : https://www.academia.edu/3479330/Does_Ethnic_Diversity_Have_a_Negative_Effect_on_Attitudes_towards_the_Community_A_Longitudinal_Analysis_of_the_Causal_Claims_within_the_Ethnic_Diversity_and_Social_Cohesion_Debate
The Evolutionary Dominance of Ethnocentric Cooperation : https://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/16/3/7.html
High ethnic diversity has a negative effect on innovation, but high “values diversity” has the opposite effect, as long as ethnic diversity is low. The best innovation happens in countries that are ethnically homogenous but diverse in values orientation : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13504851.2015.1130785
As an explanation of recent voting behavior, ethnic origin trumps class differences. “… suggesting that ethnic groups do not simply dealign or politically “assimilate” over time. : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0962629804000642
Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health showed that multiethnic diversity decreases happiness among all groups, and most markedly for the downscale and economically dispossessed. : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283881736_Happiness_in_modern_society_Why_intelligence_and_ethnic_composition_matter
A 2017 paper concludes that in societies where individuals differ from each other in both ethnicity and culture, social antagonism is greater, and political economy outcomes are worse : https://heartiste.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/CultureDiversity.pdf.pagespeed.ce.nvnKmRrKcr.pdf